环境因子对山西太岳山土壤微生物量的影响

Effect of Environment Factors on Soil Microbial Biomass in Mt. Taiyue,Shanxi, China

本文以山西太岳山两个林型（华北落叶松人工林、灌木林）下阴坡和阳坡的土壤样品为研究对象,研究了不同坡向下土壤微生物量碳、氮、土壤理化性质、土壤微生物碳氮比值的变化特征。研究结果表明：土壤有机碳、全氮、微生物量碳、氮含量在0~10 cm土层均显著高于10~20 cm土层。在华北落叶松人工林和灌木林下,土壤微生物量碳、可溶性有机碳及两者之和在阳坡均显著高于阴坡;土壤微生物量碳占两者之和的比例约为81%~87%,在不同坡向下没有显著性差异。土壤微生物量碳氮比在灌木林阳坡下为6.5~7.2,阴坡为7.3~9.9;在华北落叶松人工林阳坡下为7.3~8.6,阴坡为8.2~8.6。两种林型下土壤微生物熵在阳坡均高于阴坡。相关性分析结果表明,土壤微生物量碳、氮与土壤pH值、可溶性有机碳呈显著正相关,土壤有机碳与土壤全氮、微生物量碳、pH值和含水率均有显著正相关性。总的来说,不同坡向对土壤微生物量产生重要影响,进而使土壤微生物熵不同,阴坡土壤有机碳活性较小,碳库的稳定性较好。本文从土壤微生物量及其与环境因子相互关系的角度探讨了土壤环境对土壤微生物的影响,以期为更好的理解该地区土壤碳周转和植被恢复生态效应提供参考。

To study soil microbial biomass at different aspects （southern slope and northern slope） in two forest types （Larix principis - rupprechtii Mayr. Plantation and Shrubbery）, this paper explored the content and correlation among soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, soil physieochemical properties and the ratio of soil microbial biomass carbon to nitrogen. The results showed that soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in 0 - 10 cm soil layer were extremely higher than those in 10 - 20 cm soil layer. Soil microbial biomass carbon, dissolved organic carbon and the sum of them on southern slope were higher than those on northern slope in two forest types. There was not significantly different aspects. The ratio of soil microbial carbon to nitrogen were 6.5 -7.2 and 7.3 - 9.9 on southern slope and northern slope in Shrubbery, respectively, whereas the ratio of soil microbial carbon to nitrogen were 7.3 - 8.6 and 8.2 - 8.6 on southern slope and northern slope in L. Principis - rupprechtii Plantation, respectively. The soil microbial entropy was 2.6% - 2.8% and 1.8% - 2.0% on southern and northern slope in Shrubbery, respectively, and was 1.8% and 1.4% on southern and northern slope in Larix principis - rupprechtii Plantation, respectively. Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen had significant positive correlations with the values of soil pH and dissolved organic carbon, and soil organic carbon had significant positive correlations with soil total nitrogen, pH and soil moisture content. In general, different aspects had an important effect on soil microbial biomass, and also made different soil microbial entropy. Soil active organic carbon on southern slope was higher than that on northern slope, whereas soil carbon pool showed the opposite pattern.