党参大田杂草生长调查初探

Investigation of weed growth in Codonopsis pilosula fields

草害是我国农业发展的一项重要课题。为有效抑制党参大田杂草生长,通过样地调查方法,对比研究覆膜打孔移栽种植方法和传统种植方法党参大田杂草生长情况。研究结果表明,覆膜打孔移栽种植方法进行党参种植能有效抑制杂草的生长,覆膜区内仅有牛膝菊3株、香薷1株、土木香1株、魔芋2株,其余均生长于两侧耕作道区域;杂草总株数为181株/m^2,总重量为1 252.7 g/m^2,总生物量为164.56 g/m^2。传统种植方法中,党参垄内杂草占37%,其中藜的生活力明显强于耕作沟内植株;样方内杂草总株数为284株/m^2,总重量为4 415 g/m^2,总生物量为554.3 g/m^2。因此,采用覆膜打孔移栽种植方法进行党参种植,不仅能降低党参种植人工成本,而且可有效抑制杂草。

In order to effectively suppress weed growth in Codonopsis pilosula fields,we compared the effects of the holed plastic mulch transplanting method and the traditional planting method on the weed growth in Codonopsis pilosula fields. The results showed that,the holed plastic mulch transplanting method could effectively suppress the weed growth,with only 3 Galinsoga parviflora Cav,1 Elsholtzia ciliate（ Thunb.） Hyland,1 Inula helenium L and 2Amorphophallus konjac in the mulched area,and other weeds grew on both sides of the mulched area. The total weed plants were 181/m^2,with a total weight of 1 252. 7 g/m^2,and total biomass of 164. 56 g/m^2. In the fields using traditional planting method,weeds counted for 37 % of the Codonopsis pilosula ridge,with Chenopodium album obviously stronger than other plants. The total weed plants were 284/m^2,with a total weight of 4 415 g/m^2,and total biomass of 554. 3 g/m^2. Therefore,cultivating Codonopsis pilosula with the holed plastic mulch transplanting method could not only reduce the labor cost,by also effectively suppress weed growth.