现代新儒三大家与书院

Three Modern Neo-Confucianism Scholars and the Academies

中国书院在晚清改制后,在民国期间曾经有一个复兴的阶段。现代新儒三大家马一浮、熊十力和张君劢借助书院载体恢复儒家学说,阐述其新儒理念。但三大书院复性书院、勉仁书院和民族文化书院在教学内容和办学宗旨上面并不尽同:复性书院俨然一座古代书院;勉仁书院结合时代需求,对学生灌输民族主义思想;而民族文化书院则开设了诸多西学课程,本质上与研究所类似。但三大书院最终都走向寂灭,根源在于儒学的没落,三大书院不能满足工具理性的需要也是其迅速退出历史舞台的原因。

China＆#39;s academies which had been reformed through late Qing dynasty once saw a period of revival in the Republic of China.The academies run by the great three Modern Neo-Confucianism scholars, Ma Yifu, Xiong Shili and Zhang Junmai, aimed at advocating the Confucianism theory and explaining their neo-Confucianism philosophy.However, the three academies, namely, Fu Xing Academy, Mian Ren Academy and Minzhu Wenhua Academy were all different from each other in terms of the subjects of teaching and the principles of teaching.The Fu Xing Academy was a definite traditional ancient academy.Mian Ren Academy, on the other hand, instilled the ideas of nationalism into the students for meeting needs of the times.While the Minzhu Wenhua Academy are much like an institute in which varied western knowledge were taught.Despite of their dissimilarities, all the three academies ended in failure.The decline of the Confucianism as well as the incapability of the three academies of meeting the requirements of Instrumental rationality contributed to the fading of the three academies away from China＆#39;s modern history.