清代湖南文人竹枝词中的土家文化意蕴

The Review of Hunan Zhu Zhi Ci about Tujia in the Qing Dynasty

现存清代湖南的土家族竹枝词在数量上有百余首,在内容和艺术手法上,丰富多样,它们记述民族历史与传说,吟咏山川美景和物产,描绘生产劳动图景,展现真实的社会风俗,咏唱男女间的爱情,反映特定的社会历史与背景。虽是文人创作,却用"竹枝词"这种由民歌改造的诗体形式,淋漓尽致地刻画了土家儿女的各种生活情态,内容真实,感情真挚,体现出鲜明浓郁的民族、地域风情,具有史学、民俗学、社会学、民族学等多方面的价值。

The existing Hunan Zhu Zhi Ci about Tujia in the Qing dynasty is more than one hundred.They are diverse in terms of its content and the artistic technique.They record the national history and legend, the beautiful scenery of mountains and rivers and the products.They describe the picture of productive labor.They show the real social customs.They sing the love between the men and women.These poems reflect the particular social history and the background.Although these poems were written by literary, they have adopted Zhu Zhi Ci which converted from the folk song.They vividly depict the various life modalities of Tujia people.These poems have authentic content, sincere feelings and distinctive national and regional flavor.They have various values on history, folklore, sociology, ethnology and so on.