论清前期河南固始县水利建设成就及抗灾效果

Study on Irrigation Works and the Function in the County of Gushi during Early Qing Dynasty

清前期,固始县积极修复旧有水利设施,同时新建灌溉、防洪工程80多处,灌溉范围不断扩大。至乾隆末年,全县沟渠总里程超过2 500里,灌溉面积近2 000平方公里,占该县土地总面积的50%以上。在多次全省范围的持续旱涝灾害中,固始均未成灾;乾隆四年全省普遍大灾,固始农业仅折收一成。与同年份的周边地区相比,还经常出现邻县受灾固始无灾、邻县大灾固始小灾的状况。固始县的水利建设对其抗灾能力的增强无疑起到了重要作用。

In early Qing Dynasty, while repairing old irrigation works, Gushi County built over 80 new ones. The irrigating mile- age and area added up to 2,500 li and 2,000 km2 respectively, accounting for half of the county＇ s total area. The resistance of floods was strengthened. Constantly, other regions of the province were hit by drought and floods, yet the county succeeded in preventing them. Compared with neighboring counties, many times they suffered drought and floods, while the county could avert them; even though it couldn＇t avert, the extent of the damage was smaller than its neighbors＇. Water conservancy construction in Gushi County undoubtedly played an important role in disaster resistance.