单分子膜法测阿伏伽德罗常数实验中扩散剂的新探索

Avogadro Constant Measurement by Single Molecule Membrane with Cyclohexane as Diffusion Agent

在单分子膜法测阿伏伽德罗常数实验中,为了克服扩散剂苯毒性大且实验误差大等缺点,通过查阅文献资料,发现环己烷、正己烷的物理性质符合在实验中作扩散剂的要求,并且毒性较苯低,所以选用环己烷、正己烷与苯做对比实验.实验结果表明,用环己烷作扩散剂测得的NA最接近理论值.故在用单分子膜法测阿伏伽德罗常数的实验中,环己烷可以代替苯作扩散剂.既能减小实验误差,又可以降低实验过程中有毒药品对实验者的危害.

In Avogadro constant measurement experiment by single molecule membrane, the diffusion agent benzene has weaknesses such as high toxicity and big experiment error. Through analyzing literatures, it was found that the physical properties of cyclohexane, n-hexane accorded with the requirement of diffusion in this experiment, and their toxicity was lower than that of benzene. So cyclohexane, n-hexane and benzene were chosen to do contrast experiment. The ex- perimental results showed that using cyclohexane as diffusion agent NA was the closest to the the- oretical value. Therefore, this paper suggested using cyclohexane as diffusion agent in Avogadro constant measurement by single molecule membrane.