高凝相浓度喷管两相流研究进展

Research on the high solid concentration two-phase nozzle flow

为了选择合适的方法研究高金属含量发动机喷管内的高凝相浓度两相流,从理论研究和实验研究两个方面,总结了喷管两相流研究的进展,根据各种方法的研究结果,讨论了各方法对高凝相浓度喷管两相流研究的参考价值。发现实际流动介于两相平衡流和两相冻结流之间,在高凝相浓度喷管两相流中,颗粒含量高,两相间相互作用强,流动趋于等温,两相等温流模型适用于简化分析。两相流数值模型包括颗粒轨道模型和颗粒拟流体模型,两者均可用于高凝相浓度喷管两相流计算,轨道模型忽略颗粒体积,但能描述颗粒的运动变化过程,拟流体模型能得到颗粒参数在空间的分布。两相流实验研究主要用于验证数值计算的结果,并从实验获得颗粒粒径、颗粒阻力系数、Nu数等参数,以用于理论计算。采用理论和实验相结合的方法,分析颗粒或两相流场的某些局部特征,最终可推广到整个喷管内,从而大大减少实验难度。通过分析喷管两相流的研究进展,为高金属含量发动机内高凝相浓度喷管两相流的研究提供了参考。

In order to select proper methods to study the high solid concentration two phase nozzle flow in highly metalized Solid Rocket Motor（ SRM）, the research advance of two phase flow in rocket nozzles was summarized in two aspects：the theoretical research and the experimental research.Their results and reference value for the high solid concentration nozzle flow research was discussed.It is noticed that the actual two phase nozzle flow lies between the two phase equilibrium flow and the two phase frozen flow. The iso-thermal method is suitable for the primary analysis of the high concentration two phase nozzle flow, as high particle content strengthens the interactions between the particle and the exhaust gas.The numerical methods can be generally categorized in two models：the trajectory model and the pseudo-fluid model,they are both suitable for the simulation of the high solid concentration nozzle flow.The experimental research are mainly used to verify the numerical results, and acquire relevant data for theoretical calculation, such as the particle size distribution, the drag coefficient, and the Nusselt number.The experiment can be greatly simplified if we only study some local features of the particle or the two phase nozzle flow-field, then the results can be expanded to the whole nozzle.By analyzing the research advance of the two phase nozzle flow, the reference for the high solid concentration nozzle flow research was provided.