心肌组织工程血管化策略的研究进展

Research progress on vascularization strategies of engineered cardiac tissues

由于冠状动脉血管的堵塞会引起心肌梗死,使心肌梗死区的氧气及营养输送减少,从而导致大量心肌细胞的死亡及心功能的衰退。同时心肌组织缺乏再生能力,若受损后通过组织工程方法进行修复,则血管化在组织再生及修复中起着重要作用,因此在心肌组织血管化方面的突破将对缺血性心脏病的治疗带来深远的影响。当前心肌组织工程血管化的策略包括多学科方法,其中有工程材料和输送生长因子方法。伴随着对血管化生物学的更多了解,这些先进的方法促进了对组织再生和修复有治疗潜力的组织工程血管化策略的发展。本文从细胞治疗、支架设计及预血管化方面讨论心肌组织工程血管化的策略。

Myocardial infarction results from a blockage of a major coronary artery that shuts the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to a region of the myocardium,leading to massive cardiomyocytes death and regression of hearts function.Myocardium is weakened in regenerating,making tissue engineering the top treatment after infarction.Thereby,vascularization plays a crucial role in the progress of tissue regeneration and repair.Breakthroughs in cardiac tissue vascularization will profoundly impact ischemic heart therapies.Current strategies for vascularization of engineered tissues have incorporated multidisciplinary approaches including engineered biomaterials and angiogenic factors.The advance of these methods,together with a growing understanding of the biology behind vascularization,has facilitated the development of vascularization strategies for engineered tissues with therapeutic potential for tissue regeneration and repair.In this review,we discuss the strategies using cell therapy,scaffold design and pre-vascularization to vascularize engineered heart tissues.