波浪能捕获及发电装置研究进展与技术分析

Advances and technical analysis of wave power capture devices and electric power generators

针对目前波浪能发电成本高、结构复杂、能量转换效率低等问题,对波浪能发电的基本原理、新型发电装置及相关新技术进行了研究。具体对直线电磁型、压电型和电活性聚合物型波浪能发电装置进行了总结和分析,探究了点吸式、振荡水柱式、振荡摇摆式和筏式等波浪能捕获装置的工作原理、优缺点、适用场合和应用前景,特别对新型的波浪能发电技术—介电弹性体发电机进行了分析和探究;同时对波浪能发电技术的进一步发展提出了建议。研究结果表明,对比其他方式的波浪能捕获装置,基于介电弹性体的波浪能装置发电成本更低,结构更加简单,能量转换效率更高。

Aiming at the high cost, complex structure and low energy conversion efficiency of wave power generation currently, the basicprinciples, new electric power generators and related advanced technology of wave power generation were studied. Different kinds of wave e-lectric power generators such as the linear electromagnetic type, piezoelectric type and electroactive polymer type were summarized and ana-lyzed specifically. The principles, advantages and disadvantages, and application situations of wave power capture devices including buoytype, oscillating water column type, swing and oscillation type and raft type were discussed, especially for the new dielectric ellstomer gener-ator. The future development of wave power generation technology were proposed. The results indicate that the dielectric elastomer generatorwhich was used in the wave power generation has the advantages such as lower generating cost, simpler structure and higher energy conversionefficiency.