工业循环经济评价方法研究——以宁夏石嘴山市为例

Assessment of the industrial circular economy in Shizuishan City

中国是发展中国家,工业循环经济评价应该有自己的标准,在工业经济规模增长的同时,允许环境负荷有一定幅度地增加。基于上述理念,本研究将评价过程分为横向比较和纵向比较两部分:首先,以宁夏石嘴山市作为案例区,将其放在一个由中国东部山东枣庄市、中部河南焦作市、西部内蒙古乌海市、全国等几个层次的区域组成的参照系内,以生态效率为评价指标,分析2005-2013年石嘴山工业循环经济的发展水平;其次,在C模式的基础上,构建工业循环经济发展绩效度量模型,依据环境负荷与经济规模增长之间的倍数关系,通过纵向比较的方法,评价石嘴山工业循环经济发展绩效。本研究的主要结论为:(1)石嘴山工业增长与环境负荷之间存在比较明显的脱钩现象,但与全国、东中部煤炭资源型城市相比,石嘴山环境效率与资源效率仍然存在比较大的差距;(2)石嘴山工业循环经济的环境效率好于资源效率,以C模式作为评价标准,目前石嘴山工业循环经济优于高效C模式;(3)研究显示用C模式作为标准来衡量区域的循环经济发展水平具有一定的现实意义;(4)从横向比较和纵向比较两个维度评价工业循环经济具有更高的准确性。

As a developing country,the assessment of Chinese industrial circular economies should have its own criterion whereby Chinese environmental loads should be permitted to increase within a certain range alongside industrial growth. Here,we divide the process of assessment into a horizontal comparison and vertical comparison. First,we set up a reference system and analyze development levels of the industrial circular economy in Shizuishan City based on the assessment index of eco- efficiency,and propose future directions. Second,based on the C Model of Circular Economy,we construct a measurement model of development performance of the industrial circular economy in which Shizuishan is studied from 2005 to 2020,and development performance of the industrial circular economy in Shizuishan is assessed. We found that development of the industrial circular economy in Shizuishan has been promoted greatly since 2005,there is an obvious phenomenon of unhooking between the industrial scale and environmental load,but present development levels lag behind other coal cities in the Eastern Region,Central Region and national average. Second,in relative terms,the environmental efficiency of Shizuishan is better than resources efficiency,and the industrial circular economy is better than the C model of highefficiency. Third,the C Model of the circular economy is an appropriate developmental model for China and can assess the development level of regional circular economies. Fourth,the accuracy of industrial circular economy assessment methods from horizontal comparison and vertical comparison is higher than those based only on a vertical comparison.