专利国际化推动了贸易增长吗——基于贸易二元边际的实证研究

Does Patent Internationalization Promote International Trade:Evidence from Global Patent-application Data

文章利用引力模型检验了1992-2010年间186个国家和地区间专利流动量对双边贸易流量的影响，并将贸易额分解成集约边际和广延边际进行了考察，结果显示专利国际化通过广延边际的增长显著的提高了双边贸易额，而对集约边际的影响则不确定。利用各国《1970年国际专利合作条约》的成员方身份作为工具变量控制了内生性问题，证实了专利国际化能够通过广延边际推动贸易增长的因果关系，这一结果在各种稳健性检验中保持一致。

The paper introduces a notion of patent internationalization and investigates the impact of global patenting on the value and margins of international trade at the bilateral country level by using the data from 1992 to 2010 with gravity model. It finds that international patenting behavior has a positive impact on the value of trade through the extensive margins of trade. The paper applies the timing of joining Patent Cooperation Treaty as an instrument variable to address the endogenous issue and shows that the result is robust in different specifications. The finding sheds some lights on the upgrading of openness policy and provides a policy instrument for policy makers.