网络结构空间格局相似度分析——以1938～2014年北京市骨干交通网络为例

A Similarity Evaluation Method on Spatial Patterns of Network Structures:A Case Study About Beijing Traffic-network Backbones from 1938 to 2014

某个区域在不同时间序列、不同尺度序列以及不同区域的格局之间通常存在一定程度的相似性,包括位置、形状、大小等空间特征,也包括非空间特征等。提出了一种＂流水模型＂空间格局相似性评价方法,引入了空间格局相似度系数和综合空间格局相似度系数。该方法兼顾整体与局部的格局特征,以某一时刻水流覆盖区域代替景观指数值对格局的描述,一定程度上降低了景观指数＂一值多形＂的不确定性,避免了空间相关性对统计学方法结果的干扰。以1938~2014年的北京市骨干交通网络结构数据为例,探讨了不同年度交通网络的相似程度,揭示了历年交通网络格局的变化趋势和格局的变化过程。

Similarities exist in spatial patterns over time,such as in serial landscapes of an area at different times,serial expressions of an area in difference scale maps,spatial patterns in different areas and so on.These similarities often refer to spatial attribute（i.e.,location,shape,size）and non-spatial attribute data（i.e.,type,quality）.This paper presents a＂flowing water model＂to evaluate similarities between different spatial patterns.Both global and local situation of landscape features are considered in this method.This method uses flow overlay areas for time points to describe the landscape patterns instead of landscape indexes.To some extent it avoids the uncertainty that one value may describe more than one type of landscape indexe and disturbances in spatial correlation.We explored the similarities of Beijing traffic-network backbones from 1938 to 2014,revealing the tendency of the traffic-network pattern and change in this pattern over time.