2014年济南市医院感染性腹泻常见病原菌检测与分析

Common pathogenic bacteria detection of infectious diarrhea in hospitalized diarrheal patients in Jinan City,2014

目的了解腹泻高发期引起腹泻病的主要致病菌的种类与分布,指导临床医生合理用药,为流行病学研究及疾病的有效预防控制提供依据。方法收集2014年济南456医院、中心医院5月-10月门诊腹泻病人便标本,通过增菌、培养、生化分析、血清凝集实验进行菌株鉴定,同时填写流行病学调查表,了解病人信息。结果共收集腹泻高发期5-10月腹泻病人标本及信息表899份,初步分离主要致病菌株182份,其中致泻大肠埃希菌占48.35%,沙门菌占26.37%,志贺菌占25.27%。病人主要集中在青年组(15~30岁),占43.60%,发病时间主要在6、7月份。结论医院感染性腹泻病人发病具有季节、年龄分布的不同,病原菌种类复杂多样,应加强夏季腹泻病病原菌的监测与分析。

Objective To investigate the species and distribution of the main pathogenic bacteria causing infectious diarrhea in high occurrence period of diarrhea, to guide rational use of drugs in clinical practice so as to provide evidence for epidemiological study and effective prevention and control of the disease. Methods Stool specimens were collected from diarrhea outpatients hospitalized in the 456th Hospital of PLA and Jinan Central Hospital from May to October, 2014. Enteric muhiple pathogens were detected by the isolation culture, biochemical identification and serotyping methods. The epidemiological questionnaire was used to survey the patients ＇ information. Results A total of 899 specimens and questionnaires were collected from the diarrhea outpatients in high occurrence period of diarrhea. 182 strains of main pathogenic bacteria were preliminarily isolated, including diarrheagenic Escherichia coli （ 48.35% ） , Salmonella （ 26.37% ） and Shigella （ 25.27% ）. Most of the patients were the youth aged 15-30 years, accounting for 43.60%. The epidemic peaks appeared in June and July. Conclusions The epidemics of infectious diarrhea in the outpatients show different season and age distribution and various pathogenic bacteria; and hence, it is necessary to intensify the surveillance and analysis of pathogenic bacteria causing diarrhea in summer.