社会资本、家庭收入与城镇居民幸福感:基于中国大样本微观数据的实证研究

Social Capital,Family Income And Happiness for the Urban Residents:A Research Based on Chinese Large Sample Micro Data

近年来,有关"幸福悖论"的研究逐渐得到学术界的关注,尤其是对于主观幸福感与收入水平的关系仍然存在广泛的争议。理论分析发现,主观幸福感的强弱是受到人口因素、经济因素和社会因素共同作用的结果。采用具有代表性的中国城镇居民大样本微观调查数据(CGSS2013),基于有序Logit回归模型探讨了社会资本、家庭收入对城镇居民幸福感的影响。研究结果表明:(1)家庭收入、健康水平与信任程度是影响主观幸福感的3个主要因素,而现阶段影响我国城镇居民幸福感的最重要因素为家庭收入水平;(2)性别、年龄、职业、健康、婚姻与政治面貌等个体因素均对城镇居民幸福感产生了显著的影响;(3)社会信任水平的提高有助于提升城镇居民的幸福感;(4)整体而言,未来需要从缩小社会收入差距、推进社会信用体系建设与完善城镇医疗保障等几个方面提升中国城镇居民的主观幸福感。

In recent years, the studies on ＂Happiness Paradox＂ gradually get the attention of academic circles, especially there is existing widely controversy for the relationship between subjec- tive well-being and income levels. Furthermore, we found the combined impact that the strength of the subjective well-being is influenced by the demographic factors, the economic factors and the social factors. In this paper, we used the representative micro large sample of China＇s urban residents survey data （ CGSS2.013 ）, based on the Ordered Iogit regression model to explore the influence of urban residents＇ well-being from the family income and the social capita/. The results show that： （ 1 ） The family income, the health level and the degree of the trust are the three main factors which affecting subjective well-being, and the level of family income is currently the most important factors to effect on our country＇s urban residents＇ happiness; （2） In addition, there has a significant impact on urban residents＇ happiness from individual factors such as gender, age, occupation, health, marriage and political landscape; （ 3 ） It＇s help to promote the improvement of social trust level for urban residents of happiness; （ 4 ） Overall, we need to promote China＇s urban residents subjective well-being from several aspects by reducing the income gap, promoting the construction of social credit system, completing the medical security in cities, improving the urban medical security in the future and so on.