我国网络借贷监管制度的缺陷、危害及其完善路径

On the Defects,Harmfulness and Perfection of China's Network Loan Supervision System

《网络借贷信息中介机构业务活动管理暂行办法》作为我国首部专门的网络借贷管理法规,为网络借贷确立了较为完整的运营规则。但其存在的重大问题,导致我国网络借贷监管制度存在三方面重大缺陷:无最低注册资本准入要求,严重影响网络借贷中介机构承担责任的能力,对控股股东或者实际控制人没有任何限制和企业高管无任职资格要求,容易引发严重违法犯罪行为;缺乏利率和收费管制规则使网络借贷沦为高利借贷;第三方担保机构信息披露规则缺失误导出借方合理决策,进一步加剧网络借贷中介机构与投资人之间的信息不对称。为此,应当对网络借贷中介机构实行实缴制的最低注册资本制度,严格禁止有重大不良记录人员成为控股股东和实际控制人,实行企业高管的任职资格准入制度。网络借贷利息与网络借贷中介机构收费总和不得超过高利贷的标准,并对违法企业实行严厉罚款和吊销营业执照处罚。建立动态的第三方担保机构信息披露制度。

As China＇ s first specialized network loan regulations, the Interim Regulations on the Management of Business Activities of Internet Loan Intermediaries have established relatively complete operational rules for online borrowing and/ending. However, there are three major flaws in China＇ s network lending supervision system. First, there is no minimum registered capital access requirements, seriously affecting the ability of network lending inter- mediaries to assume responsibility. While the controlling shareholder or the actual controlling shareholder without any restrictions, and corporate executives without qualification requirements, so easy to lead to serious criminal acts. Second, the lack of interest rate and charge control rules make the Interuet borrowing reduced to high interest loans. Thirdly, the lack of information disclosure rules of third - party guarantee institutions can easily mislead the borrow- er＇ s reasonable decision - making,which will further aggravate the information asymmetry between network lending intermediaries and investors. Therefore, it should be the network of lending intermediaries to implement the system of the minimum registered capital paid system, strictly prohibit the major bad record personnel to become the controlling shareholder and the actual controller, and we must implement corporate executives qualification system. Internet lending interest and network lending agency fees shall not exceed the sum of the standard usury, and we should im- pose severe penalties for illegal enterprises and revoke their business license penalties. It is necessary to establish a dynamic third party guarantee institutions