清朝的卫所裁并--以蔚州卫、宁武所、丰川卫与关西五卫为个案

Research on the Abolition and Merger of Wei and Suo in Qing Dynasty——Based on Four Cases

卫所的建立始于明朝,清代逐步对其进行改制和裁并。蔚州卫、宁武所在清朝被改为县和府的过程,与整个清代裁并卫所的大浪潮相契合。而丰川卫和关西五卫在清朝的设立,则是与这一趋势背道而驰,但之后还是被裁并。这些个案从不同的角度,展示了清朝统治者基于现实而采取的不同统治政策,反映了当时的社会背景和边区民情,也表明了清朝裁并卫所之时纷繁复杂和曲折反复的历史过程。

Wei -suo system Qing government gladually was built in Ming dynasty, after Qing dynasty replaced Ming dynasty, adjusted and reformed Wei -suo system, some wei and suo were abolished, some were changed into prefectures, states and counties.The evolutional course of Weizhou wei, Ningwu suo, Fengchuan wei and Guanxi wei and so on, showed the reasons of why wei and suo were abolished and merged by Qing court, and indicated the historical process of abolition and merger of Wei-suo system in Qing dynasty sometimes was going smoothly, sometimes tortuous and sometimes very difficult, well as revealed the complicated relationship between central and local government, government and society.