转型时期俄罗斯利益集团形成演变的过程和特征

Formation and Evolution of Russian Interest Groups in the Period of Transformation:Process and Characteristics

俄罗斯利益集团是俄罗斯社会转型的特殊产物。其形成演变经历了两大阶段:从传统的苏联体制到叶利钦时期,再到21世纪的普京-梅德韦杰夫时期。转型时期俄罗斯利益集团不断的分化和发展,呈现出形成的短期性、对权力的依附性、高度的垄断性、极端的自利性、发展不平衡性等显著特征。了解其演变的过程和特征,对于转型国家处理利益集团和政府治理的关系具有重要的理论意义和现实价值。

Russian interest groups are the product of social transformation in Russia. Their formation and evolution experiences two stages： from the traditional Soviet system to the Yeltsin period, and then to the new-century Putin-Medvedev era. In Russian social transformation its interest groups continually break apart and recombine, showing such remarkable features as short duration of formation, power dependency, high monopoly, extreme selfishness and imbalance in development. This analysis is of both theoretical and practical significance for the nations in the period of transformation in handling the relationship between their interest groups and government ruling.