新型多立柱张力腿式浮动风力机概念模型试验研究

Experimental study of a new multi-column tension leg-type floating wind turbine concept

近海深水区域蕴藏着丰富的高品质风能,海上浮动风力机是目前开发深水风能最具潜力的新装备.首先分析了开展海上浮动风力机水池模型试验时需要考虑的相似准则,并根据其受力情况综合选取了合适的相似准则.采用基于风轮推力相似而优化设计的模型叶片建立了一套风力机模型,有效解决浮式风力机模型试验中的"尺度效应"问题.本文对所提出的新型多立柱张力腿式浮动风力机概念(WindStar Tension Leg Platform System,WindStar TLP System)进行了水池模型试验研究,模型试验缩尺比为150.试验中测定了其空气动力、水动力和结构动力特性,得到了其在不同环境条件下的运动响应和总体性能.模型试验结果可为该新型多立柱张力腿式浮动风力机概念的进一步研究提供参考依据.

Offshore deep-water region is rich in high-quality wind energy. Currently offshore floating wind turbine is the most potential equipment to exploit it. The relevant scaling laws need to be considered during the offshore floating wind turbine model test were analysed and a proper scaling methodology was established according to the loading conditions. The wave tank model test was conducted for the proposed new multi-column tension leg-type floating wind turbine concept in SKLOE＇s wave basin with the geometric scaling factor of 50 according to the main dimensions and environmental conditions. By using a modified blade design based on the same wind turbine thrust coefficient, the aerodynamic Reynolds number scaling effect was dissimilated during the model test. Still water tests, white noise wave tests and combined wind wave and current tests were carried out. During the combined wind, wave and current tests, both the turbine operating （DLC01-05） and parked conditions （DLC06, DLC07） were investigated. To identify the dominate load of the dynamic responses, each design load case was further separated into four different sub-load cases： wind only case, wave only case, current only case and combined load case. Global response variables including platform motion, tendon tension, rotor thrust, and nacelle accelerations were examined. In summary, the proposed WindStar TLP system showed relatively small dynamic motion responses to environmental loads due to its natural frequencies are well kept away from the dominant wave periods and the tendons still holds a sufficient safety factor, and the minimum tendon tensions remain positive under all the selected DLCs. The model testing results could serve as a reference for the further research.