不同卵色皱纹盘鲍(Haliotis discus hannai)幼鲍的生长与免疫比较

Growth and Immune Diversity of Haliotis discus hannai Juvenile Abalone with Different Egg Colors

随机选取100只经过480 d养殖的3♀×10♂绿卵全同胞家系子一代(F1)的皱纹盘鲍(Haliotis discus hannai)幼鲍为实验材料,进行雌雄、卵色分类后,测量所有样本总重、壳长、壳宽等生长指标,并测定不同卵色幼鲍的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和溶菌酶(LZM)的活性,进行单因素方差分析(One-way ANOVA)。结果显示,在生长方面,不同卵色幼鲍的各生长指标无显著差异(P>0.05),但绿卵幼鲍的各生长指标均高于其他3种卵色;在免疫酶活性方面,4种卵色幼鲍在SOD和CAT活性上无显著差异(P>0.05),绿卵幼鲍的AKP、ACP和LZM 3种酶的活性与棕色和棕红色卵幼鲍存在显著差异(P<0.05),而与棕绿色卵幼鲍无显著差异,其酶活性从高到低按卵色排列依次为绿色、棕绿色、棕色和棕红色。上述研究结果可为利用卵色选育皱纹盘鲍高产抗逆新品系提供依据。

The rapid development of abalone aquaculture has been accompanied by serious problems such as massive mortality that has caused huge economic losses. Therefore, it is an urgent mission to perform the immunological studies, to analyze the causes of death, and to find an effective disease prevention method. In this study, 100 16-month old abalone were randomly sampled as experimental materials, all of which were from green egg full-sib family 3♀×10♂ of Haliotis discus hannai. We divided the samples according to their sexes and egg colors, and then measured their growth traits （the total weight, the shell length, and the shell width） and activities of five enzymes including superoxide dismutase （SOD）, alkaline phosphatase （AKP）, acid phosphatase （ACP）, catalase from Micrococcus lysodeikticus （CAT）, and lysozyme （LZM）. The single-factor analysis of variance was performed in this study. We found that there was no significant difference in the growth between individuals with different egg colors （P〉0.05）, and that green egg samples displayed a better growth performance. As for immune enzyme activities, there was no difference in SOD and CAT between the four egg color groups. The activities of AKP, ACP, and LZM in the green egg samples were significantly different from those in the brown and brownish red egg samples （P〈0.05）, but they were not different from those of breen egg samples. The enzyme activities in different egg color samples followed the order green〉breen〉brown〉 brownish red. Our results will provide guidelines for the egg color breeding of highly productive and resistant strain of H. discus hannai.