大学生社会支持与抑郁情绪关系的meta分析

Relationship between social support and depression among college students in China:A meta-analysis

目的:探讨大学生社会支持与抑郁情绪的关系,了解潜在调节变量,为大学生心理健康教育工作提供科学依据和参考。方法:检索中国知网、维普和万方数据库及外文数据库(Science Direct,Web of Science,EBSCO,Springer),筛选出以中国大学生为研究对象,采用社会支持评定量表(SSRS,测量实际社会支持)或领悟社会支持量表(PSSS,测量领悟社会支持)测量社会支持,并分析了社会支持与大学生抑郁情绪关系的相关文献,共92篇文献(包含99个独立样本,44225名大学生)纳入研究,使用meta分析和meta回归分析探讨大学生社会支持与抑郁关系的总体效应值以及影响两者关系的可能调节变量。结果:大学生社会支持与抑郁总体上呈负相关(r=-0.29,95%CI=-0.30^-0.28,P<0.001),其中,领悟社会支持与抑郁的相关高于实际社会支持与抑郁的相关(r=-0.36、-0.27;Q=95.91,P<0.001)。在实际社会支持中,主观支持与抑郁的相关高于客观支持、支持利用度与抑郁的相关(r=-0.23、-0.19、-0.20;Q=25.65,P<0.001);在领悟社会支持来源中,朋友支持与抑郁的相关高于家庭支持、其他人支持与抑郁的相关(r=-0.29、-0.26、-0.26;Q=7.41,P<0.05)。女生在总体社会支持与抑郁、实际社会支持与抑郁、家庭支持与抑郁上均高于男生(Q=7.44、26.69、3.91、8.94、4.55,均P<0.05)。结论:中国大学生社会支持与抑郁的关系密切。受社会支持类型的影响,感知到的社会支持与抑郁关系比提供的实际社会支持与抑郁的关系更紧密,并且提供的实际社会支持类型不同以及感知到的社会支持来源不同也影响到其与抑郁的相关程度,此外,个体的性别特征也影响社会支持与抑郁的关系。

Objective： To examine the overall relationship between social support and depression among Chi- nese college students and analyze some potential moderators. Methods： The CNKI database, CQVIP, WANFANG DATA, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Springer were searched for literature, in which the Social Sup- port Rating Scale （SSRS, measured received social support） and/or Perceived Social Support Scale（ PSSS, meas- ured perceived social support） was used to investigate the correlation of social support and depression in Chinese college students. Ninety-two articles （k = 99; N = 44 225） met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed by meta-a-nalysis and meta-regression analysis. Results： The overall mean effect size calculation showed a significant negative correlation between social support and depression among Chinese college students （r = -0. 29, 95 % CI = -0. 30 - -0. 28, P 〈 0. 001）. In the following analysis, the perceived support, compared with the received support, was more strongly correlated with depression（r = -0. 36, -0. 27; P 〈 0. 001）. Subjective support was most strongly related to depression in specific types of received support （i. e., subjective support, objective support, and utilization of social support （r=-0. 23, -0. 19, -0. 20; P 〈 0. 001）. Support from friends was strongly associated with depression vs support from family and form others （r = -0. 29, -0. 26, -0. 26; P 〈0. 05）. And the social support - depression relationship was stronger when the participants were female than when they were male, especially in overall social support, received and perceived support from family （Q = 7.44, 26. 69, 3.91, 8.94, 4. 55, Ps 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： The relationship of social support and depression could be influenced by factors such as dissimilar aspects of social support （e. g., received and perceived social support, specific types of received social support, and sources of per- ceived support） and individual characteristic （e. g., gender） .