“炉山不夜”的千年陶瓷古镇——陈炉古镇研究

The Old Millennium Ceramic Town with "All Day Scene of the Burning Mountain"——study on the old town of Chenlu

陈炉是陕西省铜川市的一座千年陶瓷古镇,兴盛于明清,其"炉山不夜"的昔日景象被喻为潼关八景之第一景,现已形成规模最为庞大的耀瓷基地。古镇三面环山,瓷民生活区、交易区与瓷器生产区功能分区明确。典型的黄土丘陵残塬地貌造就了古镇"密如蜂房"的窑洞民居群,而作为废旧利用的匣钵和黑缸成为古镇最为显著的装饰元素,极富地域特色。分析古镇的选址与环境风貌、街巷格局与院落空间、窑洞民居与建筑景观特色,辅以大量实地拍摄与测绘资料,并详细介绍了马蹄窑的构造与形制,最后提出古镇的保护价值与建议。

Chenlu is an old millennium ceramic town in Tongchuan city of Shaanxi Province. It flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Its former scene ＂all day scene of the burning mountain＂ was known as the top scene of the eight Tongguan spots, which is the largest Yaozhou kiln base now. The old town is surrounded by mountains on three sides. The porcelain villagers＇ living area, trading area and porcelain production area are clearly separated. The typical gully loess hill landformmakes the cave people dwell in the town in group like a dense-populated hive. And the recycled saggers and black cylinders, full of regional characteristics, become the most significant decorative elements for thc town. The paper analyzes its location and environment landscape, street pattern and courtyard space and cave dwelling buildings and landscape features, supplemented by a large number of on-the-spot shooting and surveying materials, and introduces the structure and the formation of the horseshoe kiln, and finally puts forward the protection value and suggestions for the old town.