徽州传统戏场建筑的声学装饰性构造研究

Study on the Acoustic Decorative Structure of Traditional Theater Buildings in Huizhou

通过调研安徽近20处传统戏场建筑,首先从装饰色彩、装饰题材、装饰技法、装饰性格4个方面分析了徽州传统戏场建筑的装饰特征,再进一步对藻井、八字壁、观戏楼、顶棚和马头墙进行研究,探讨这些声学装饰性构造对庭院戏场声环境的影响,不仅丰富了戏场建筑的建筑艺术效果,也为戏场内营造了较好的声环境,为庭院内的观演提供了一个良好的听闻条件。因此研究传统戏场建筑的声学装饰性构造,不仅对建造现代剧场有参考价值,同时也能真正发掘徽州古建筑的全面价值。

Through the survey of about 20 traditional theater buildings in Anhui, the paper analyzes firstly the decorative features of traditional theater buildings in Huizhou from such four aspects as decorative colors, decorative themes, decorative techniques and decorative characters. And it then further studies the caissons, walls whose shadows are in the shape of Chinese number eight, the pavilions for watching performances, the platfonds and walls shaped like horscheads to explore the effect of acoustic decorative structure on the sound environment of courtyard theatres, which not only enriches the theater buildings＇ architectural artistic effect but also provides a better sound environment in the theatre as well as a good listening condition for watching in the courtyard theatre. Therefore, the study of the acoustic decorative structure of traditional theater buildings not only has a reference value for the construction of modern theaters, but also can explore the comprehensive value of ancient buildings in Huizhou.