基于串并联切换的超级电容充电法

Supercapacitor Charging Method Based on Series-parallel Connection Switching

超级电容是一种新型储能元件,但由于其单体额定电压较低,故需要串联使用。为解决在串联使用中会出现电压不均衡的问题,提出了一种利用两组N沟道MOS管作为开关的串并联切换电路,让超级电容在并联条件下充电,在串联条件下放电,从而有效地避免了因串联充电电压不均衡导致的电容击穿现象。实验结果表明:在未使用串并联切换充电法情况下,超级电容的充电电压不均衡度达到14.19%,而使用串并联切换充电法后仅为0.22%;在放电能量上,可提升约13.18%。

Super capacitor is a new type of electronic energy-storage component. Super capacitors are usually used in series due to low individual rated voltages,but voltages among super capacitors are imbalanced as a result of series. This paper presents a method of building series-parallel switching circuit using two sets of N-channel MOS transistors as switches,allowing super capacitor to be charged in parallel and discharged in series,thus effectively avoiding capacitor breakdowns that results from imbalanced voltages in series charging. Experiments show that the super capacitor voltages have a 14.17% difference ,while the voltage difference is reduced to 0.22% when using the series-parallel switching charging method;there is also a 13.18% increase in discharge energy.