胰管导丝占据法与经胆胰管隔膜预切开法在胆总管结石患者困难性内镜下逆行胰胆管造影中的应用

Application of pancreatic duct guide wire and transpancreatic septotomy with precutting techniques in difficult endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

目的探讨258例胆总管结石患者胰管导丝占据法与经胆胰管隔膜预切开法在困难性内镜下逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)中的应用价值。方法选取西安交通大学第一附属医院肝胆外科2014年4月-2016年4月胆总管结石患者困难性ERCP患者258例,其中行胰管导丝占据法128例,经胆胰管隔膜预切开法130例,比较两种方法插管成功率、插管用时和并发症发生率。结果两组患者的术前临床资料差异无统计学意义,导丝占据组插管成功率93.75%,预切开组插管成功率93.85%,两组患者插管成功率差异无统计学意义,导丝占据组插管比经胆胰管隔膜预切开法插管用时更短,差异有统计学意义[(5.92±0.69)vs(12.81±3.67)min,t=-2.27,P<0.05]。258例患者中出现并发症25例,其中导丝占据组急性胰腺炎6例,无术后出血病例,胆道感染2例;预切开组急性胰腺炎8例,术后出血3例,胆道感染6例。导丝占据组总并发症发生率低于经胆胰管隔膜预切开组,差异有统计学意义[(6.25%vs 13.08%),χ2=3.27,P<0.05],其中急性胰腺炎发生率导丝占据组对比经胆胰管隔膜预切开组(4.69%vs 6.15%),两组比较差异无统计学意义。结论胰管导丝占据法与经胆胰管隔膜预切开法均可提高困难性ERCP插管的成功率,两组术后急性胰腺炎发生率差异无统计学意义。但胰管导丝占据法插管用时更短,术后总的并发症发生率更低。因导丝占据法的简便性,安全性,且插入胰管的导丝并不增加术后急性胰腺炎发生的风险,可认为该方法更值得临床推广。

Objective To investigate the application value of pancreatic duct guide wire and transpancreatic septotomy with precutting technique in difficult endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.Method258 patients who underwent difficult endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography from April 2014 to April 2016 were selected as study subject, 128 patients among them received the technique of pancreatic duct guide wire, the other 130 patients received transpancreatic septotomy with precutting techniques. The success rate, intubation time and incidence of complications were compared between these two methods for cannulation.Result There was no signiifcant difference in preoperative clinical data between the two groups, the success rate did not differ signiifcantly between the two groups （93.75 % vs 93.85 %）. Compared with transpancreatic septotomy with precutting techniques group, pancreatic duct guide wire group is less intubation time consuming （5.92 ± 0.69 vs 12.81 ± 3.67） min, the difference was statistically significant （t = -2.27,P〈 0.05）. 25 patients experienced complications, with 6 cases of acute pancreatitis, 2 cases of biliray tract infection in pancreatic duct guide wire group, and 8 cases of acute pancreatitis, 3 cases of hemorrhage,6 cases of biliray tract infection in transpancreatic septotomy with precutting techniques group. The pancreatic duct guide wire group had a signiifcantly lower incidence of complications （6.25 % vs 13.08 %）. the difference was statistically signiifcant （χ2 = 3.27,P〈 0.05）. The incidence of acute pancreatitis did not differ signiifcantly between the two groups （4.69 % vs 6.15 %）.ConclusionsPancreatic duct guide wire and transpancreatic septotomy with precutting techniques both can further improve the success rate of bile duct cannulation with ERCP. The incidence of acute pancreatitis did not differ significantly between two groups. But pancreatic duct guide wire group is less intubation time consuming, and had a significantly lower incidence of complications. Because of the convenience and safety of the pancreatic duct guide wire technique, and the insertion of the pancreatic duct does not increase the risk of postoperative acute pancreatitis. We think that this method is more worthy of Clinical promotion.