养老机构老年人骨质疏松与日常生活活动能力相关性分析

Correlation between Osteoporosis and ADL of the Elderly People in Nursing Homes

目的探讨养老机构老年人骨质疏松与日常生活活动能力(activities of daily living,ADL)的相关性。方法于2014年12月—2015年4月,采用整群随机抽样调查,抽取北京市6个养老机构147名老年人作为调查对象,进行骨密度测定。根据骨密度值分为3组:骨量正常组、骨量减少组及骨质疏松组。用改良Bathel指数量表(Modified Bathel Index,MBI)分别评价3组老年人ADL情况,并比较组间差异,分析骨密度值与ADL的相关性。结果与骨密度正常组、骨量减低组比较,骨质疏松组的骨密度值和MBI值差异均有统计学意义(P=0.001和0.016)。随着骨密度水平的下降,老年人活动能力水平也相应下降,两者呈正相关(r=0.29,P=0.001)。结论养老机构老年人ADL下降程度与骨质疏松密切相关,预防骨质疏松发生,可能会延缓老年人ADL下降。

Objectives To study the relationship between the osteoporosis and activities of daily living（ADL）of elderly people in nursing homes in Beijing.Methods A random integral group sampling method was used in this investigation from December 2014 to April 2015,147 elderly people were studied who were living in 6nursing homes in Beijing.They were given measurement of bone mineral density,then ADL were assessed.All the patients were divided into 3groups according to bone mineral density：the control group,the osteopenia group and the osteoporosis group.ADL of every elderly people in three groups were evaluated by modified bathel index（MBI）,then the difference of ADL of three groups were compared and the correlation of osteoporosis and ADL were analyzed.ResultsCompared with the control group and the osteopenia group,both of the T score and MBI score had significant difference（P=0.001,0.016）.ADL decreased along with the severity of bone mineral density.Osteoporosis was positively correlated with ADL（r=0.29,P=0.001）.Conclusions ADL is closely related to the incidence of osteoporosis in elderly people of nursing homes in Beijing.To prevent the incidence of osteoporosis may prolong the decline of ADL in elderly people.