灵活中的坚定:从《晏子春秋》看晏子的社交艺术与社交思想

Stability in the Flexibility:Yanzi's Art of Social Contact and Thought of socializing from His Spring and Autumn Annals

晏子十分擅长处理与别人之间的关系。平时,对一般同僚,他以诚相待,"和"字当先;对谗佞邪人,晏子的态度经历了一个先疏、后亲、再疏的曲折过程;对自己的家臣,他严格要求与鼓励谦逊并重。非常之际,晏子处理同僚关系时既立场坚定,又方式灵活。他与晋国叔向互相敬重,坦诚以待,共同创造了春秋外交史上的一段佳话。但是,由于齐文化重实践特征及自身尚节俭品格的影响,他对孔子排斥的多,赞许的少。晏子对待布衣百姓总是和颜悦色,折节谦逊,救贫济难,如闻己过,立即改正,从而得到了众人的尊敬与报答。晏子的社交方式虽灵活多变,但其目的却坚定不移,主要是为了尽可能团结好所有群体,安定社稷,扬威诸侯,这充分体现了他作为"社稷之臣"的本色。

Yartzi was very good at dealing with the relationship with others. At ordinary times, he treated the general colleagues with all sincerity, and he gave priority to ＂harmony＂. While to evil people, his attitude experienced a winding process from estrangement to closeness and then to estrangement again. For his family members, he was strict with them, and at the same time, he treated them with encouragement and modesty. In the special moment, when Yanzi dealt with the relationship with colleagues,he had a positive stand and flexible way. He and Shu Xiang of Kingdom Jin respected each other and honestly treated each other,and they jointly created a much-told story in the diplomatic history of Spring and Autumn Period. However, since Qi＇s culture paid much attention to practical features and the influence of his own frugalness character, he rejected Confucius more but praised less. When Yanzi treated the public, he was always pleasant and amiable, humble and modest, saving and aiding the poor, and if he knew his mistakes, he would correct immediately, and thus he got the respects and returns of the public. The social interaction way of YanZi was flexible,but his purpose was unwavering,which was mainly in order to unite all groups as much as possible, stabilize the country and deter the princes. This fully reflected his inherent qualities as a pillar of the state.