高寒草原地区露天矿生态恢复植被筛选及生态价值测算

THE ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION PLAN AND ECOLOGICAL VALUE ESTIMATION OF LINGQUAN OPENCAST IN CHILL GRASS REGION

灵泉露天煤矿即将关闭转入斜井开采,该矿位于高寒地区草原植被带,植被生长期短。露天矿坑边坡及外排土场土壤贫瘠,综合考虑露天矿闭坑后的防灭火及边坡稳定,以及依据区域自然地理、生态环境及社会经济状况,提出了"整体规划、阶段实施、因地制宜、科学高效"的总体思路,对灵泉露天煤矿进行了近期、中期和远期生态恢复规划。其中,将生态恢复区分为植被自然恢复区与人工生态植被恢复区。在规划设计中以当地草本植物为主,适当配种景观植物。同时,本文利用价值量估算法,对规划区生态服务价值进行了测算,灵泉露天矿每年的生态价值为873.53万元,生态恢复后具有显著的生态效益,对实现露天矿生态文明建设具有重要的意义。

The study aimed to develop an ecological restoration plan of Lingquan opencast,located in an alpine region with a steppe vegetation, and short vegetation growing season. By considering the open-pit mine fire prevention and control and slope stabilization of slope and outer waste dump after mine closure, we proposed for proper planning and implementation of the area in accordance with regional geography, natural conditions, ecological environment,socio-economic conditions, economy efficiency, and the principles of technology. The general idea of Lingquan opencast mine was short, medium and long-term ecological restoration planning. That will be divided into ecological restoration of natural vegetation restoration areas and artificial vegetation restoration areas. Herbs were selected according to the preferred test results. At the same time, we use Value estimation method, the value of ecosystem services planning area has been estimated that the annual ecological value of Lingquan surface mine was 8735300 RMB. In brief the plan has significant ecological benefits and can effectively promote sustainable development and promote regional harmony in mine construction areas.