德国加油站经营状况及其对我们的启示

Lessons from German Service Stations

自上世纪70年代以来,德国的加油站总量一直处于下降趋势,从1970年的4万余座,减少到1.63万余座,加油站逐步向集团化、连锁化和多样化方向发展。德国加油站的经营形式多种多样,总的分为石油公司品牌经营和社会经营两大类。普遍以自助加油为主,赢利点逐渐向辅助服务业务转移,配送采取专业化、社会化运作方式,同时硬件设施技术含量高,基本实现了自动化管理。借鉴德国加油站的经验,今后我国在加油站建设过程中,要注意走内涵发展的道路,不应过度追求加油站的数量,要注重提升加油站的科技含量和自动化管理水平;建立、健全油品配送体系,优化配送渠道;经营方式要实现多元化;要强强联合,发挥整体优势和规模优势,实现双赢。

The number of service stations in Germany has declined from 40,000 in 1970 to 16,300. Their management modes developed toward conglomerate operations, chain store management, and diversification. These different types operations can be roughly put into two categories: stations run by major oil corporations or by other businesses. These stations, often operated a self-service outlets, have gradually shifted profit points to other supporting services. The specialized and logistic modes and the use of technical facilities free these stations from human operation. In view of these experiences in running German service stations, China should shift its attention to intensive growth of service stations, i.e. giving more efforts to upgrading technical capabilities and automated management rather than simply increasing the number of service stations. In addition, retail businesses should improve the oil product distribution system, optimize distribution channels, practicing diversified management modes, and encourage allied management between major corporations.