基于模型预测的主动配电网电压协调控制

Coordinated Voltage Control Based on Model Prediction in Active Distribution Networks

主动配电网含高渗透率分布式发电机,尤其是可再生能源,使得过电压或电压跌落问题时有发生,必须实施主动电压控制。考虑可再生能源的间歇性和变压器有载分接头(on-load tap changers,OLTC)的动作特性,提出基于模型预测的主动配电网电压协调控制方法,并采用全局收敛性能好的信赖域二次规划法对预测控制模型进行优化计算。该策略不仅能够克服不精确建模及测量误差等因素对控制性能的影响,而且能够预测OLTC未来的控制行为对控制电压的影响,以避免不必要的控制行为。最后借助含有5台分布式发电机的IEEE34节点24.9 k V的主动配电网,测试本文控制策略的性能。仿真测试结果表明:该控制策略具有良好的鲁棒性和有效性。

Temporary over/under voltages often occur in active distribution networks due to distributed generation, the renewable energy in particular, it is therefore necessary to control the undesirable voltage by reasonable control strategy. This paper presents a coordinated voltage control method based on model prediction by considering the intermittence of RES output and the actual action characteristics of on-load tap changer （OLTC）. The trust region method with good global convergence is used for optimization. The control strategy not only can compensate the modeling inaccuracies caused by measurement error but also can predict the impact of future OLTC actions on the controlled voltages as to avoid the premature or unnecessary dispatch of other control actions. Finally, the proposed coordinated voltage control method has been tested in a 24,9 kV IEEE distribution network, which consists of 34 nodes and 5 distributed generating units. The test results show that the strategy is robust and effective for controlling vohage in active distribution networks.