地下车库结构承载性能的数值模拟与试验研究

Numerical and Experimental Studies on the Loading Capacity of an Underground Parking Garage

地下车库使用过程中可能会出现上覆土压力过载问题,进而造成工程质量缺陷或事故。对荆州某地下车库进行仿真模拟,研究了板—梁—柱系统的承载机理,分析了车库框架结构的荷载传递机制和构件受力机制,揭示了顶面压力对车库结构的影响规律,并给出了加固方案。试验结果显示:车库整体结构的应力分布与覆土压力大小、分布形式及柱混凝土材料性质等因素有关,梁柱节点是最容易受损的部位;车库结构柱钢筋的应力呈中间大、周边小的分布形式,在非均匀分布的覆土压力作用下,最大应力值有减小的趋势;结构梁钢筋和结构板钢筋的应力局部集中现象不明显,车库顶部荷载分布不均匀时,应力分布也不均匀。

The structural destress in the underground parking garages and subsidence nearby are frequently encountered due to the surrounding soils overloading during their service life.The structural elements of the parking garage：slab-girder-column of an underground garage in Jingzhou were numerically simulated in order to reveal the influence of overburden soil on the garage structure＇s loading capacity.Under the overburden soil pressure and other service loading conditions,the loading transfer mechanism of the frame structure are studied and the rehabilitation measures are recommended.The study results also indicate that：1）The stress distributions in the garage structure are related to the magnitude as well as the distribution of the overburden soils;also,the properties of the reinforced concrete will affect the stress distribution;2）The stress distribution in the columns have the character of high in the middle and low at the surrounding locations;under the non-uniform earth load,the maximum stress tends to decrease;3）no obvious stress concentration occurred in the reinforced concrete slabs and girders.Uneven stress distribution is observed under the non-uniform earth loading.