建筑工人安全意识影响因素调查

Investigation of the safety awareness of the influential factors among the construction workers

良好的安全意识在保证员工安全生产中发挥了积极的作用。为深入探索建筑工人安全意识的影响因素,从个体、外部环境和组织管理3个层面分析选取调查指标,并结合建筑工人安全意识现状编制调查问卷。通过问卷调查和开放式访谈获得数据资料,运用SPSS统计分析软件对问卷调查结果进行探索性因子分析,得到6个公因子。结合开放式访谈结果对公因子进行验证和调整,得出建筑工人安全意识主要受到安全技能知识、安全心理、企业安全态度、员工安全关注度和安全管理5个因素的影响。建筑施工企业应加强建筑工人的专业技术培训,提高建筑工人的参与积极性,完善企业安全管理制度,减少建筑安全事故的发生。

The objective of this paper is to explore the critical in- fluential factors of the workers＇ safety awareness in the architectural industry. We have collected quantitative data through a questionnaire survey and supplementary information !nspection on the building workers＇ safety awareness through an open-end interview form so as to identify the influential factors of building workers＇ safety awareness in a deep going way. And, for the purpose, the said questionnaire is supposed to consist of sixty-eight questions based on the thirteen survey indexes which we have chosen from the three following aspects： individual, external environment and the organizational management. The open-ended interviews we have laid out are to enrich the information concerned in case that the questionnaire survey is likely to be short of. What is more, to make clear the safety awareness of the construction workers, we have also done open-end interviews to be conducted from the following four aspects： the safety knowledge, safety protection, safety education and the safety management. The interview records should also be done in a written form in accordance with the one-to-one interactive form between the interviewer and the interview- ee. Moreover, the investigation has also to be carried out on the 38 building sites scattering in the five cities in Jiangsu with the 420 questionnaires distributed in different areas with 399 valid ones retrieved. To ensure the validity and reliability of the results of the investigation, we have done the analyses of the data collect- ed repeatedly and respectively, which suggest that the data gained from the investigation are true to the fact and valuable for the pur- pose assigned. Based on the factor analysis by SPSS, we have taken out six common factors, which account for 60. 58% of the accumulated contribution rate. In addition, the results of the open-ended interviews help to provide supplementary information and data that may account for the frequency of equipment and installation inspection and maintenance repair, the attitude towards the adoption of the safety protection instruments, the solutions of construction problems and the workers＇ initiative of their compli- ance to the safety management measures taken by their leading departments： The results of the interviews also demonstrate that among the safety control measures, it is necessary to reform six of the common factors, which means to be compressed to five ones, such as： the knowledge of the safety skills, safety psychology, the safety concern for the building workers, as well as the attitude of the architectural companies to the safety and safety management.