亚远经委会区域合作实践与“亚洲方式”初创

ECAFE and Regional Cooperation in Asia and Initial Creation of ‘Asian Way’

联合国亚洲及远东经济委员会是二战后初期成立的隶属联合国经济社会理事会的首个区域经济委员会,又是1966年之前着眼于亚洲整体区域经济合作及经济发展的唯一的区域政府间组织。这一时期,在联合国组织的支持和亚洲成员的共同推动下,其在地理范围、成员数量、议题领域、组织自主性和规范框架等方面逐步实现了"亚洲化",从而在亚洲区域合作实践进程中扮演着持续的核心"领导者"角色,以至于在二战后亚洲最早的区域合作动议的倡导、联合行动的实施及区域制度的设计和区域规范的建构中发挥了开创性的"先导"作用。经验上,它推出一系列旨在推动亚洲区域经济合作和各国经济社会发展的研究报告、调查报告、经济简报和重大合作倡议,并启动一系列旨在推动区域联合行动的区域会议、区域计划和区域机制等。规范上,它注重功能性议题导向,强调区域自主和相互尊重的平等原则,奉行不干预主义及协商、共识的决策程序,履行多边框架内双边合作和泛亚洲精神等,形成一系列区域"共有规范",从而推动独特的区域合作"亚洲方式"的初步创建。因此,无论是从经验还是从规范上看,亚远经委会均称得上是二战后亚洲区域合作实践的真正起源。

The UN Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East Asia( ECAFE)was founded in the early days after the World War II as the first regional economic commission affiliated with the UN Economic and Social Council. It was also the only regional intergovernmental organization focusing on the whole Asian regional economic cooperation and development before 1966. During this period,with the support of the United Nations organizations and Joint efforts of Asian members,ECAFE gradually realized ‘Asianization'such as its geographic scope,Asian members number,issue areas,organization autonomy and normative framework,and had been playing the central‘leader' role continuously in the process of Asian regional cooperation practice. In fact,it played a ‘pioneering' role in the earliest Asian regional cooperation initiative advocated,implementation of the joint action,and design of regional institutional arrangements,construction of regional norms framework. Empirically,it formulated a series of research and investigation reports,regional economic surveys and bulletins,and major cooperation initiatives, and launched a series of regional meetings, regional planning and regional mechanisms aimed at promoting Asian regional economic cooperation and national economic and social development,and regional joint action. Normatively,through the functional issues orientation,emphasis on regional autonomy,principle of equality and mutual respect,following interventionism and consultation,consensus decision-making process,adhering to the multilateral framework of bilateral cooperation,and the Pan-Asianism spirit and so on,it promoted the formation of a series of regional ‘shared norms' and initial creation of the unique regional cooperation‘Asian way'. Therefore,both empirically and normatively,ECAFE is the real origin of Asian regional cooperation practice after the World War II.