汉武帝元光中河决滑县辨析

Doubt on the Breach of Yellow River Dike at Puyang's Huzi River During Emperor Wu of Han's Yuanguang Years

汉武帝元光年间"河决瓠子"是黄河史上的著名事件,但《史记》和《汉书》的有关记述都没有说明"瓠子"的具体位置。河南省滑县古有瓠子堤,濮阳县古有瓠子河,从文献资料和地理形势上分析,决口处应当在滑县瓠子堤。关于"瓠子"的位置之所以会出现"滑县说"和"濮阳说"两种,一是因为后人对《汉书》文字的误读和《水经注》记载的不准确,另外也因为滑县曾属于濮阳国,故在记事时出现以大地名代替小地名的情况,造成后世的误读。

The breach of Yellow River at Huzi is a famous event in Yellow River＇s history during the Yuanguang Years of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. However,the specific site of Huzi was not recorded in the Records of the Grand Historian or the Book of Han. At that time,there was a Huzi Dike at Hua County and a Huzi river at Puyang County. Based on study of ancient literatures and geography,we show that the breach happened at the Huzi Dike of Hua County. There are two reasons why there have been a ＂ Hua County Argument＂ and a ＂ Puyang Argument＂; the first one is the wrong interpretation of the Book of Han by later generations of people,and the second are some errors in the Commentary on the Water Classic itself. Moreover,because Hua County was once a part of the East Prefecture（ whose capital was then Puyang） and the Puyang Kingdom in the Han and Jin Dynasty,it caused confusions in historical narration that mistakenly replaced the specific place name with a broader one.