厌氧消化过程氨抑制研究进展

RESEARCH PROGRESS OF INHIBITORY EFFECTS OF AMMONIA IN AN ANAEROBIC DIGESTION SYSTEM

厌氧消化作为一种可获得能源的可持续生物处理技术,在实际工程中得到了广泛应用。在厌氧消化过程中,氨抑制被认为是影响其整体效能的重要因素。虽然氮是厌氧消化系统中微生物新陈代谢所必须的元素,但是厌氧消化体系中过高的氨氮往往会抑制微生物的正常生命活动,尤其是产甲烷菌。重点介绍了国内外厌氧消化氨抑制最新的机理研究,详细阐述了其主要的影响因素和消除措施,包括微生物驯化、p H值调节、温度控制及C/N比调节等,为厌氧消化技术工程应用的未来研究提供一定的借鉴和参考。

Anaerobic digestion is a sustainable biological processing technology to attain energy,which has been widely applied in practical engineering. Ammonia inhibition is considered to be the key factor that affects the whole performance.Although nitrogen is the essential element for microbial metabolism in anaerobic digestion,the system of high ammonia nitrogen tends to inhibit the normal activities of microorganisms,especially to methanogens. This paper mainly illustrates the new researches mechanisms of ammonia inhibition in anaerobic digestion. The prime impacting factors of ammonia inhibition as well as the methods for alleviating and eliminating the ammonia inhibition,i. e.,microbial acclimation,p H control,temperature control and carbon to nitrogen ratio control,are stated systematically as well. Finally,the reference and advice for the further research orientation on engineering application of anaerobic digestion are prospected.