四川省巴中地区2007～2016年儿童白血病发病情况流行病学分析

Epidemiology of New Cases of Childhood Leukemia during the Year of 2007 and 2016 in Bazhong City,Sichuan Province

目的：回顾性分析四川省巴中市中心医院10年间收治的153例白血病患儿的临床资料,探讨本地区儿童白血病的分布规律及流行病学特征。方法：对2007年1月至2016年8月就诊于我院的153例初诊白血病患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果：153例白血病患儿的男女性别比1.64∶1;其中急性淋巴细胞白血病（Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia,ALL）和急性髓细胞白血病（Acute Myeloid Leukemia,AML）患儿的男女性别比分别为1.82∶1和1.79∶l。儿童白血病的发病高峰年龄为1-9岁,占73.2%（112/153）,110例ALL患儿的发病高峰为1-4岁,共47例（42.7%）,AML无明显发病年龄高峰。春夏秋冬四季白血病患儿分别有42例（27.5%）、39例（25.5%）、35例（22.9%）和37例（24.2%）,ALL春冬季发病例数较多,而AML则为夏秋季发病例数较多。10年间四川省巴中市中心医院收治的儿童白血病初诊患者呈动态上升趋势,平均年增长率为15.8%。结论：不同性别、年龄、季节、年代儿童白血病发病存在差异,白血病各亚型发病率不一。

Objective： Retrospective data analysis of new cases of childhood leukemia in Bazhong Central Hospital in the past 10 years, to explore the distribution and epidemiology characteristics of childhood leukemia in Bazhong City, Si- chuan Province. Methods： The clinical records of 153 children initially diagnosed as leukemia at Bazhong Central Hospital from January 2007 to August 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Results： The sex ratio was 1.64 ： 1 among the 153 chil- dren, that of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia （ALL） and Acute Myeloid Leukemia （AML） were 1.82 ： 1 and 1.79 ： 1 re- spectively. The peak age of childhood leukemia occurrence was 1 -9 years-old, accounting for 73.2% （112/153）. A-mong them, 110 cases children ALL was occurred at 1 -4 years old and 47 cases （42.7%） were happened in this age group. No significant peak age of AML was found. There were 42 cases （27.5%）, 39 cases （25.5%） , 35 cases （22. 9% ） , 37 cases （24.2%） , ALL were found in spring, summer, autumn and winter. ALL were often found in spring and winter, however, AML were often in summer and autumn. During the 10 years, children leukemia patients in the Central Hospital of Bazhong City showed a dynamic upward trend, the annual average growth rate was 15.8%. Conclusion： Gender, age, season and time ar effect factors of the incidence of childhood leukemia.