AIDS/HIV感染患者的药疹特点

The Characteristic of Drug Eruption in HIV/AIDS Patients

药疹是指药物通过各种途径进入人体后引起皮肤黏膜的炎症反应,严重时可出现全身症状,累及内脏,甚至危及生命。近年来,AIDS/HIV感染患者生存率逐年提高的同时,其治疗中常用药物所引发的药疹也渐渐引起了临床医师的关注。由于AIDS/HIV感染患者免疫功能受到严重破坏,其药疹特点亦与常见药疹有很大不同,如潜伏期较HIV阴性人群更长,发病率更高,且重型药疹如SJS和TEN的发病率也远远高于HIV阴性人群。女性AIDS/HIV感染患者或CD4^+T细胞计数较高的患者可能具有更高的罹患药疹风险等。

Drug eruption is an adverse drug reaction of the skin caused by drugs through various means,sometimes accompanying serious systemic symptoms,which may lead to death.Drug eruption is becoming increasingly recognized while the commonly used agents have increased survival rates in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.And it has been paid more attention to by clinicians in recent years. Since the immune function of HIV / AIDS patients has been severely damaged,their drug eruptions are different from ordinary eruption. The incubation period is longer,and the morbidity of drug eruptions especially severe drug eruption in HIV / AIDS patients is much higher than that of ordinary people. Besides,female patients or patients with higher baseline CD4 cell counts are identified with higher risk of developing drug eruptions.