DNA指纹技术在玉米区域试验品种真实性及一致性检测中的应用

The Application of DNA Fingerprint Technology in Maize Varieties' Authenticity and Consistency Identification in Maize Regional Test

DNA指纹技术在玉米区域试验品种管理中具有重要应用价值。中国自2002年起开始开展玉米区域试验品种真实性和一致性检测工作,截至2014年底,已累计检测国家及各省玉米区域试验品种15 596份。十多年来玉米区域试验品种DNA指纹检测规模不断扩大,检测技术不断提升,真实性和一致性问题得到有效控制。本文回顾了中国玉米区域试验品种DNA指纹检测的发展历程,总结了玉米区域试验品种DNA指纹检测的发展规律,分析了区域试验、审定、品种权保护及种子质量管理之间的协调和衔接情况,最后对玉米区域试验品种DNA指纹检测中面临的新品种的判定标准、区域试验品种的命名及标准样品的留取等问题进行了深入探讨。

DNA fingerprint technology has important application value in variety management of regional test.Maize varieties' authenticity and consistency identification with DNA fingerprint technology in national regional test were organized and implemented since 2002. By the end of 2014, 15 596 maize varieties in the national and provincial regional test have been detected, maize varieties detected in regional test continues to expand the scale,the detection technology continues to improve, the problem in varieties' authenticity and consistency gets effective control. This paper reviewed the 10 years' development process and summed up the regular pattern of DNA identification in maize regional trial, then analyzed the coordination and convergence among the regional test,validation, variety right protection and seed quality management, finally discussed in detail the problems including the criteria of new varieties, the varieties nomenclature in regional test and the extraction of standard samples.