木本油料作物美藤果组织培养植株再生体系的建立

Establishment of In Vitro Regeneration System of Woody oil Crop Plukenetia volubilis

美藤果(Plukenetia volubilis)是大戟科(Euphorbiaceae)多年生木质藤本植物,其种子油富含多不饱和脂肪酸高达85%,特别是α-亚麻酸含量高达50%,具有很高的营养价值。为了建立高效的美藤果植株再生体系,本研究采用正交实验方法,对影响美藤果芽再生效率的细胞分裂素6-苄基腺嘌呤(6-benzyladenine,6-BA)、生长素吲哚丁酸(indole butyric acid,IBA)的浓度和不同发育阶段的美藤果子叶外植体这3个因素进行分析。结果表明,6-BA浓度、IBA浓度和子叶外植体发育阶段对美藤果再生芽诱导均有显著影响,作用效果依次为:不同外植体发育阶段>6-BA浓度>IBA浓度。在5.0 mg/L 6-BA和0.2 mg/L IBA的条件下,用Ⅵ阶段(授粉后130 d的果实)的美藤果子叶作为外植体,有较好的再生芽诱导效果,最高芽诱导效率为91.67%,每个外植体的再生芽数目为5.5个。此外,IBA和NAA都可以促进美藤果再生植株根的形成,且IBA作用效果高于NAA。IBA和NAA的浓度分别为0.6 mg/L和0.4 mg/L的组合时,再生根的诱导效果最好,再生根诱导效率为41.67%,每个芽的根数目为7.1个。美藤果植株再生体系的建立为优良苗木的大量无性繁殖,以及进一步的基因功能研究和利用基因工程技术进行品种改良奠定了基础。

Sacha inchi(Plukenetia volubilis) belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family, is a woody perennial vine.The polyunsaturated fatty acids content was approximately 85% in its seed oil, of which about 50% was theα-linolenic acid. In order to develop a regeneration system of Sacha inchi, we optimized the conditions for regeneration from cotyledons at six developmental stages used as explants with different concentrations of6-benzyladenine(6-BA) and indole butyric acid(IBA). The results showed that the best suitable conditions were cotyledon explants at Ⅵ developmental stage(130 day after pollen, DAP) and MS medium with 5.0 mg/L 6-BA and 0.2 mg/L IBA. The effect of them on regeneration shoot induction was as following: the developmental stage of explant>6-BA>IBA. The shoot induction efficiency was 91.67% and the number of ones per explant was 5.5.Moreover, the suitable condition for regeneration root induction was 1/2 MS medium with 0.6 mg/L IBA and0.4 mg/L NAA. The effect of IBA on root induction was more significant than one of NAA. The root induction efficiency was 41.67% and the number of roots per explant was 7.1. Our study provides a base for the rapid propagation and improvement of Sacha inchi varieties using genetic engineering method.