25个大麦品种株高及其主要构成因素的差异分析和QTLs检测

Analysis on the Phenotypic Difference and QTLs Detection of the Plant Hight and Its Main Components of 25 Barley Varieties

大麦株高及其构成因素受多个基因或QTLs控制,为了解析其遗传机制有必要检测不同大麦品种的株高及其构成因素QTLs。本研究利用SPSS19.0软件分析25份大麦品种的株高及其主要构成因素差异,采用394个核基因组SSR标记的二元相关和多标记逐步回归分析检测株高及其主要构成因素QTLs、再利用关联标记偏相关分析检测QTLs遗传效应。结果表明,25个大麦品种的株高、平均节间数和平均节间长均具有不同程度差异,其表型值变化范围分别为(85.33±2.87)cm^(57.87±6.16)cm、(6.7±0.18)^(5.2±0.42)、(13.49±0.15)cm^(9.15±0.33)cm,其株高具有不同的遗传机制。在25个大麦品种中检测到6个株高QTLs、6个平均节间数QTLs和5个平均节间长QTLs。17个QTLs分布在大麦3H、4H、5H、6H和7H染色体上,其调整R2值变幅为0.125~0.537,其中QPH3H-1等10个QTLs具有增效作用、其余7个具有减效作用。25个大麦品种携带17个遗传效应不同、具有多因一效特性的株高及其主要构成因素QTLs,相关结果对大麦株高及其主要构成因素的遗传机制等研究具有一定的指导作用。

The heredity of barley plant hight and its components can be controlled by multi-genes or QTLs. It is necessary to detect plant hight and its components QTLs in different barley varieties in order to elucidate their heredity mechanism. In the present paper, a statistical software,spss19.0, was employed to analyze the phenotypic differences of plant hight or its components. By using the spss19.0, the two variable correlation and stepwise regression relationship between 394 markers of nuclear genome and the plant hight or its components were analyzed in the order to detect the QTLs,and the partial correlations between plant hight or its components of 25 barley varieties and their QTLs were analyzed to detect the genetic effect of these QTLs. These results showed the plant hight, mean number of internodes and mean length of internodes were all different among 25 barley varieties,with a phenotypic value ranged from(85.33±2.87) cm to(57.87±6.16) cm, from 6.7±0.18 to 5.2±0.42, and from(13.49±0.15) cm to(9.15±0.33) cm, respectively. The genetic mechanism of plant hight was different in 25 different barley varieties. 17 QTLs which include 6 QTLs of plant hight trait, 6 QTLs of mean number of internodes and 5Molecular Plant Breeding