CuSO_4和EDTA-Fe对小麦成熟胚再生体系的影响

Effects of CuSO_4 and EDTA-Fe on Regeneration System of Wheat Mature Embryos

以甘春24、甘春20和中麦175为材料,通过植物组织培养技术,研究了不同浓度CuSO4和EDTAFe对小麦成熟胚再生体系的影响。结果表明,在诱导及分化培养基中适当增加CuSO4浓度（0.510μmol/L）,显著提高小麦成熟胚愈伤组织的出愈率、胚性愈伤率、分化率和绿苗率。在CuSO4最适浓度（10μmol/L）下,甘春24、甘春20和中麦175的出愈率、胚性愈伤率、分化率和绿苗率分别比对照（CuSO4浓度为0.5μmol/L）提高了62.82%、78.68%和31.04%,64.57%、66.01%和49.92%,77.40%、77.93%和52.45%,86.60%、69.85%和67.39%。培养基中添加70μmol/L EDTA-Fe均有利于三个小麦品种成熟胚愈伤组织的形成和分化,尤其对中麦175的培养效果最好。在EDTA-Fe最适浓度（70μmol/L）下,甘春24、甘春20和中麦175的出愈率、胚性愈伤率、分化率和绿苗率分别比对照（EDTA-Fe浓度为50μmol/L）提高了38.66%、32.27%和21.05%,42.10%、36.92%和25.00%,42.63%、57.42%和32.25%,40.02%、53.11%和45.11%。当EDTA-Fe浓度高于70μmol/L时,三个小麦品种出愈率等均呈现下降趋势,说明其浓度过高会对小麦愈伤组织造成伤害。不同小麦基因型对相同浓度CuSO4和EDTA-Fe敏感性不一致,在相同培养条件下,中麦175成熟胚的愈伤组织形成和分化情况最好,甘春24次之,甘春20最低。

By the technology of plant tissue culture,the effects of different concentrations of CuSO_4 and EDTA-Fe on the regeneration system of mature embryos from three wheat cultivars of Ganchun 24,Ganchun 20 and Zhongmai 175 were studied.The results showed that properly increasing the concentration of CuSO_4 in the induction and differentiation medium(0.5~10 μmol/L) could significantly enhance the callus rate,embryonic callus induction rate,differentiation rate and regeneration rate.At optimal concentration(10 μmol/L) of CuSO_4,the callus rate,embryonic callus induction rate,differentiation rate and regeneration rate of Ganchun 24,Ganchun 20 and Zhongmai 175 increased separately by 62.82%,78.68% and 31.04%;64.57%,66.01% and 49.92%;77.40%,77.93%and 52.45%;86.60%,69.85% and 67.39%.The callus formation and differentiation of the mature embryos from the three wheat cultivars were obviously improved on the media containing 70 μmol/L EDTA-Fe,and it was the ideal concentration for the mature embryo culture of Zhongmai 175.At optimal concentration(70 μmol/L) of EDTA-Fe,the callus rate,embryonic callus induction rate,differentiation rate and regeneration rate of Ganchun 24 Ganchun 20 and Zhongmai 175 increased separately by 38.66%,32.27% and 21.05%;42.10%,36.92% and 25.00%;42.63%,57.42% and 32.25%;40.02%,53.11% and 45.11%.When the concentration of EDTA-Fe was above the level of70 μmol/L,the callus rate etc.of this three wheat cultivars were presenting the tendency of decline,this suggested that the concentration was too high to harm the wheat callus;the sensibility of different genotypes to the same concentration of CuSO_4 and EDTA-Fe was inconsistent,in average,the order for callus formation and differentiation situations of mature embryos among the three wheat genotypes used in the study was Zhongmai 175,Ganchun 24 and Ganchun 20.