冒险性户外运动的限制因素和协商策略研究

Study on the Constraints and Negotiations of Adventurous Recreation

冒险性户外运动(AR)一直被视为勇敢者的游戏,充满危险,结果不可预测。那些爱好者在参与过程中遭遇到什么阻碍?他们又用了哪些策略克服这些阻碍呢?研究采用定性和定量研究相结合的方法,深度访谈了31位AR爱好者,分别得到17个限制因素和14种协商策略。通过问卷调查获得202个样本数据,以探索限制因素和协商策略的理论结构,并分析不同经验水平和性别爱好者在这两个变量上的差异。结果表明,限制因素和协商策略都包含个人、人际和结构3个因素,其理论结构与Jackson、Crowby和Godbey(1991)所提出的等级模型一致,但是,两者在因素的重要性和具体的测量题项上有些差异;经验水平和性别对限制因素和协商策略有不同程度的影响。最后,讨论了AR独特之处、中国文化特点以及我国经济发展阶段。

Adventurous Recreation （AR） has been regarded as the game of the brave, full of danger and unpredictable results. What obstacles do the outdoor enthusiasts encounter in the process o5 participation？ And what strategies do they use to overcome these obstacles？ This study adopted the method of combining qualitative and quantitative research. 17 items of constraints and 14 items of negotiations were gotten respectively by in-depth interviews with 31 AR enthusiasts. And the data of 202 samples were obtained by surveys. Then, the study explored the theoretical structure of constraints and negotiations and analysed the effects of the sports experience and gender on constrains and negotiations. The results showed that the theoretical model included the intrapersonal factor, interpersonal factor and structural factor which were consistent with the Hierarchical Model developed by Jackson, Crowby and Godbey （1991）. But the two models differed in the importance of the three factors and the specific iterns. In the end, this paper discussed the features of AR, the characteristics of Chinese culture and the stage of Chinese economic development.