再论隐喻释义及其释义模式——认知神经科学视阈下隐喻释义模式的建构

Constructing Metaphor Interpreting Model——From the Perspective of Cognitive Neuroscience

现有隐喻释义研究存在以下问题:重文化普遍性、轻心智意向性;多宏观语用推理、少具象化表征;重"后台"识解、疏"前台"认知。隐喻理解的认知神经科学研究为解决上述问题提供了有效实证依据和理论启示。鉴于此,本文在梳理实证研究成果的基础上,析清影响隐喻概念映射的相关变量,并厘清变量间功能耦合关系,进而在综合考虑语言使用者"前台"和"后台"认知过程及其心智意向性的基础上,构建准确反映相应"动态语义增值"过程的隐喻释义模式,以使其在具有心理真实性和解释充分性的同时,兼具语言揭示性。

Current studies on metaphor interpretation have the following problems ： paying more attention to cultural u- niversality, pragmatic inference and backstage cognition, but less to individual mental intentionality, paraphrasing characterization, and frontstage cognition. Fortunately, the results about online metaphor interpretation reached by cognitive neuroscientists provide cognitive linguists with an effective empirical basis and theoretical enlightenment to solve the above problems. Based on these facts, this paper extracts the relevant variables influencing metaphorical mapping from the cognitive neuroscience results and investigates their functional coupling relationships. Taking lan- guage users＇ ＂frontstage＂ and ＂backstage＂ cognition as well as their intentionality into account, this paper constructs a metaphor interpreting model reflecting the dynamic semantic increment process of metaphor interpretation. Only by doing these can the interpretation of metaphor turn out to be psychologically real, explanatorily adequate and linguistically revealing.