福建闽西矿区周边稻米重金属含量及健康风险评估

Contents and health risk assessment of heavy metals in rice in mining area of western Fujian

【目的】研究福建闽西矿区周边稻米的重金属污染状况,并对其健康风险进行评价。【方法】以福建闽西矿区周边种植的水稻为研究对象,采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定稻米中Cd、Pb、Cr 3种重金属含量,通过单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法评价稻米中3种重金属的污染状况,利用Monte-Carlo概率模型法评估稻米中3种重金属的健康风险,并探讨了稻米重金属与土壤重金属含量之间的相关性。【结果】研究区稻米存在不同程度的Cd、Pb、Cr含量超标现象,稻米中各元素的单因子污染指数平均值大小顺序为Pb>Cd>Cr,稻米重金属综合污染指数平均值为1.89,研究区稻米整体处于轻度污染等级。食用研究区稻米有对人体健康造成危害的可能性,不同元素对人体健康风险的大小顺序为Cd>Pb>Cr。相关性分析表明,水稻对重金属元素Cd、Cr的积累与其对应土壤中重金属含量有一定的关系,并受其共存元素的影响。【结论】福建闽西矿区周边种植的稻米已被重金属污染,且对人体健康造成了一定风险。

【Objective】The study investigated heavy metal pollution of rice around a mining area in western Fujian and evaluated the health risk.【Method】Contents of three heavy metals,Cd,Pb and Cr,in rice planted in mining affected areas in western Fujian were measured using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer.Rice pollution status was evaluated with the combination of single pollution index and Nemerow pollution index,and health risks were assessed using probability assessment model Monte-Carlo.The correlation between contents of heavy metals in rice and soils was also investigated.【Result】Rice in the study area was contaminated by Cd,Pb and Cr at different levels.The average single pollution indexes of heavy metals in rice were in order of Pb〉Cd〉Cr.The complex pollution index of heavy metals was1.89,implying light pollution level.The assessment indicated that there was a probability of health risk by ingesting rice in the study area and the health risks were in order of Cd〉Pb〉Cr.Contents of Cd and Cr in rice had correlation with those in soils,and influenced by the coexistence of elements.【Conclusion】The rice cultivated in mining affected areas was polluted by heavy metals,and there was potential health effects to human.