植物根系可塑性发育的研究进展与展望

Developmental Plasticity of Plant Roots

植物通过根系固着在土壤中生长,获取赖以生长的水分和养分,并与土壤微生物相互作用,因而根系无论对植物基本的生长发育还是对植物响应外界环境都至关重要。根系发育的可塑性是指同一基因型的植物在不同的环境条件下根系构型可能会发生巨大的变化,其强弱决定了植物对逆境的适应能力,因此根系发育的可塑性是作物根型改良和抗逆育种的重要基础。本文综述了国内外根系可塑性发育的研究进展,并对根型改良在作物抗逆育种和营养高效育种方面的应用前景进行了展望。

The root system of plant plays a vital role in water uptake, acquisition of nutrients, and anchorage to the soil. The root system shows an impressive degree of plasticity in adapting their developmental program into the ever-changing environmental conditions. This plas-ticity relies on the continuous integration of environmen-tal inputs and endogenous developmental programs con-trolling root development. Developmental plasticity of the root system, therefore, can profoundly affect the survival, growth and productivity of crops. In this re-view article, we highlight the recent progress on our un-derstanding about the root architecture and its develop-mental plasticity.