椎弓根螺钉内固定系统治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折124例的疗效分析

The efficacy analysis of pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of 124 cases with thoracolumbar burst fracture

目的 探讨椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折的疗效。方法 本研究选取了124例胸腰椎爆裂性骨折患者,年龄25~69岁。所有患者采用椎弓根螺钉内固定系统治疗,观察并记录患者术前及术后6个月伤椎椎体高度比、Cobb＇s角、ODI值及Frankel标准分级,评价椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折的疗效。结果 术前患者的Cobb＇s角为（35.42°±8.24°）,术后6个月为（8.26°±1.47°）;术前伤椎高度比值为（32.76±9.66）%,术后6个月为（91.43±7.45）%;术前ODI值为（52.49±9.22）,术后6个月的ODI值为（4.51±3.38）,差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。术后绝大多数患者神经功能有所改善。结论 椎弓根螺钉内固定可以有效稳定受损脊椎,减少神经系统的损伤,最大限度地恢复下腰功能,具有较好临床治疗效果,值得基层医院推广。

Objective To investigate the efficacy of pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of 124 cases with thoracolumbar burst fracture. Methods One hundred and twenty-four cases of patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture were selected, and they aged 25-69 years old. All patients were treated with pedicle screw fixation, and the efficacy of pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fracture was evaluated by vertebral height ratio, Cobb＇s angle, ODI scores and Frankel standards scale before surgery and 6 months after surgery. Results The Cobb＇s angle was （35.420＋-8.24~） before surgery and （8.26~＋-1.47~） in 6 months after surgery; the vertebral height ratio was （32.76_＋9.66）% before surgery and （91.43＋-7.45）% in 6 months after surgery; the ODI scores was （52.49±9.22） before surgery and （4.51±3.38） in 6 months after surgery. The differences were statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Most patients＇s neurological function were improved after surgery. Conclusion Pedicle screw fixation could effectively improve the stability of impaired spine, reduce damage to neurological system and recover the lumbar function to the maximum extent. It has good effect on thoracolumbar burst fracture, and is worthy of popularization in basic hospitals.