南水北调中线工程水源头区浮游生物群落研究

Study on Plankton Community in the Water Source Area of the Mid-Line Project of South-to-North Water Diversion

为掌握南水北调中线工程调水前后水源头区浮游生物群落的分布特征,于2014年7月至2015年5月分别在丹江口水库河南水域丹库和中线干渠南阳段选取6个典型生态采样点进行样品采集,对浮游生物群落进行了连续监测和评价.结果共发现浮游生物132属403种;浮游植物9门44科94属357种,其中硅藻门-绿藻门-蓝藻门比为43.70%-33.61%-11.20%,浮游植物指示种8门21科32属42种,其中中营养型指示种占78.57%;浮游动物4门32科38属46种,浮游动物指示种仅2种;调水前后香农威勒多样性指数(H′)均大于1.0,均值为2.33,调水后H′值先降低后增加,最高值达3.33.综合评价认为:库体和干渠水体稳定,为中营养型.

During the duration of 2014-07-2015-05,prior to and after the start-up of the mid-line project of south-north water diversion,six stations of plankton samples were continuously monitored and evaluated to understand the dynamic changes of the plankton community structure in the water source area,so as to provide scientific basis for the water quality protection and engineering management of the mid-line project.Diversity index of Shannon-Weiner（H′）was used to evaluate the trophic status of water quality.There were 357species（varieties）,94 genera and 9divisions including 42species（varieties）,32 genera saprobic indicators.Samples also contained 46species（varieties）and 38 genera of zooplankton,with merely 2species of saprobic indicators included.Prior to the mid-line project,H′values were above 1.00 in all stations with mean value at 2.33,which went down and then up after the start-up of the mid-line project,reaching a maximum value of 3.33.Comprehensive data analysis indicated that the water system within the main canal and the reservoir body was stable,where the nutrition type was regarded as mesotrophy.