摘要
本文基于中国工业企业数据,分析企业出口对员工工资的影响。采用OLS回归,加入选择性偏误项,以控制企业出口行为的"自我选择"效应。通过分析发现中国企业存在明显的出口"工资溢价"效应,且出口"工资溢价"更多地体现在低出口密集度企业。运用Blinder-Oaxaca方法对工资差异进行分解,工资差异中不可解释部分占比,内陆省份企业高于沿海省份企业,外资企业高于内资企业,这表明内陆省份企业出口"工资溢价"高于沿海省份企业,外资企业出口"工资溢价"高于内资企业,企业出口"工资溢价"效应具有异质性。因此,政府要根据企业异质性提出相应的政策,出口企业要进行结构性调整,提高企业效率,提升员工的工资水平。
Based on the China＇s Industrial Enterprise Database, this paper ex- amines the effect of firms＇ export behavior on the labors＇ wage. After solving the sample-selection problem, we find that the export ＂wage premium＂ exists, and the wage premium is more reflected in lower export intensity enterprise. Us- ing Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method, we find the unexplained portion of the wage differences in the inland provinces＇ enterprise is higher than coastal provinces＇ enterprise, and the unexplained portion of foreign enterprise is higher than those of domestic ones, which indicates that export ＂wage premium＂ is larg- er in inland provinces and foreign enterprise, export ＂wage premium＂ effect has heterogeneity. Therefore, government should make policy based on firm heteroge- neity so as to increase employees＇ wage.
基金
国家社会科学基金项目"我国农产品贸易逆差研究"(15BJY112)
湖南省教育厅科研项目"湖南省区域经济空间集聚及其溢出效应研究"(15C0218)
上海财经大学研究生创新基金项目(CXJJ-2015-363
CXJJ-2015-360)
关键词
出口
工资溢价
样本选择
出口密集度
Export
Wage Premium
Sample-Selection
Export Intensity
