马克思政治经济学批判的意识哲学蕴涵

The Implications of Philosophy of Consciousness in Marx's Critique of Political Economy

马克思政治经济学批判具有丰富的意识哲学蕴涵。这表现在意识形式与商品形式的同一性中。直面笛卡尔以降作为现代性原则性框架的"意识的内在性",马克思超越了这一框架所先行设定的唯心主义和旧唯物主义之间的虚假对立。基于政治经济学批判的把握,笛卡尔以来思维的概念形式可以逸出意识的内在性,追溯到资本主义的交换抽象。商品生产塑造了社会意识形式,作为现实抽象的商品形式构造出一种与体力劳动分离的、具有独立外观的纯粹智力。而正是它掩盖了作为物质形态"人格化"的意识形态幻象。

Marx's philosophy of consciousness is an important part of his critique of political economy. Starting from a reflection on the principal framework of modernity identified by M. Heidegger, namely Descartes' s'immanenz of consciousness,'this paper considers a history of ideas from Descartes through Feuerbach to Marx. By doing so,it explains how Marx,by virtue of proposing the concept of real abstraction,not only breaks down the immanenz of consciousness since Descartes,but also goes beyond the mechanical materialistic explanation of consciousness which was originally intended to resist Cartesian immanenz but which was nonetheless trapped within it. It thereby establishes the practical and revolutionary principle of his philosophy of consciousness.