鲈鱼半成品辐照灭菌剂量研究

Study on irradiation sterilization and dose of semi-finished Micropterus salmoides

为探讨鲈鱼半成品辐照杀菌的最适剂量,以鲈鱼半成品为研究对象,采用0.00-8.74kGy剂量的（60）-Co-γ射线进行辐照灭菌,考察辐照剂量对菌落总数、色度值、pH值、持水力、剪切力和挥发性成分等指标的影响。结果表明,辐照3.25kGy后鲈鱼半成品菌落总数降至10CFU/g;菌落总数在D10值为1.54kGy时降至250CFU/g,D值为3.64kGy时降至10CFU/g,满足灭菌要求,且与实际辐照灭菌剂量（3.25kGy）相当。1.55-4.78kGy可控制pH值的上升;1.55-7.57kGy辐照剂量对持水力、色泽及剪切力影响较小。挥发性成分随辐照剂量的增加而增加,较小的辐照剂量（3.25kGy）有利于减少苯类、烷类等挥发性成分的产生。故使用辐照剂量范围3.25-4.78kGy的（60）-Co-γ射线对鲈鱼进行处理,可达到灭菌目的。

In order to regulate the technical conditions of irradiation sterilization for semi-finished Micropterus salmoides （SFMS）, we investigated the impacts of irradiation on the microbe quantity, pH value, water holding capacity, color value and volatile components of it in this study, by using different doses ranging from 0.00 to 8.74 kGy of ^90Co gamma ray irradiation. The results showed that, with the irradiation of 3.25 kGy, the total bacteria decreased to 10 CFU/g. Moreover, the total bacteria decreased to 250 CFU/g and 10 CFU/g, at the D10 value of 1.54 kGy and 3.64 kGy, respectively. At the range of 1.55-4.78 kGy, pH value could be controlled in a reasonable standard. Increasing irradiation dosage （1.55--7.57 kGy） did not change the production of water holding capacity, color, or Warner-Bratzler shear force. A dose of 3.25 kGy was beneficial to semi-finished products of SFMS to reduce the volatile components of benzene and alkanes. In conclusion, the ^60Co ） irradiation dose in 3.25- 4.78 kGy could release the sterilization purpose. Therefore, our studies provided theoretical guidance for the irradiation sterilization of SFMS.