老年人一般自我效能影响因素的路径分析模型构建

CONSTRUCTION OF PATH ANALYSIS MODEL ON INFLUENCE FACTOR OF GENERAL SELF-EFFICACY IN URBAN AND RURAL ELDERLY

目的探索影响社区老年人一般自我效能感,的主要因素,为提高老年人的自我效能感改善老年人健康行为提供科学依据。方法整群选取河北省唐山市团结楼社区下属的3 173名60岁及以上的老年人进行一般自我效能感量表、社会支持量表、家庭功能量表、日常生活能力量表及其他影响因素调查表调查,采用AMOS21.0进行路径分析模型的构建、拟合、评价和修正。结果 1经单因素及多元线性回归分析结果显示,影响社区老年人一般自我效能感的因素有一般人口学因素、社会支持因素、家庭支持因素、经济医疗因素及自身健康因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2文化程度、婚姻状况及家庭支持系统通过直接与间接路径对社区老年人一般自我效能感产生影响。家庭支持系统、社会支持系统、经济医疗系统及自身健康系统既是中介变量,同时对社区老年人一般自我效能感起到直接作用。结论相关因素通过直接或间接路径影响社区老年人一般自我效能感,应注重联合社会、家庭、老年人自身等诸多力量制定干预措施改善社区老年人一般自我效能感,促进老年人健康养老。

Objective To explore the main factors that affect the general self - efficacy of community elder‐ly ,and to provide scientific evidence for improving the health behavior of the elderly .Methods Cluster sampling method was used to select Tuanjielou community of Tangshan city in Hebei Province ,3 173 old people（over 60 years old） were recruited in the sample .They completed General Self Efficacy Scale ,Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS） ,Family Function Assessment scale （FAD ） ,Activity of Daily Living Scale （ADL ） and other factors questionnaire for survey .Construction , fitting , evaluation and correction of structural equation model were completed by AMOS 21 .0 .Results By single factor and multiple linear re‐gression analysis ,the results showed that factors affecting the general self - efficacy of the elderly conclu‐ded in general demographic factors ,social support factors ,family support factors ,economic factors and their health factors ,the difference was statistically significant （P〈0 .05） .Cultural level ,marital status , and family support system had an effect on the general self - efficacy of older persons through direct and in‐direct paths .Family support system ,social support system ,economic health system and their own health system were the intermediary variables ,but also had a direct effect on the general self - efficacy of the eld‐erly .Conclusions The relevant factors affect elderly people＆#39;s general self - efficacy through direct or indi‐rect path .We should pay attention to the combination of social ,family ,the elderly themselves ,and many other forces to improve the general self - efficacy of the elderly ,improve the health behavior of the elderly , and promote the elderly Health behavior .